Cement
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(Note : A Non-trade cement supply can also be ordered in a specific quantity)
Cement as a binder material for structural work along with sand and coarse aggregates |
About Cement
Cement Categorisation : 1. Hydraulic cements. 2. Non-hydraulic cement.
Hydraulic cements :
(e.g., Portland cement) set and become adhesive through a chemical reaction between the dry ingredients and water. The chemical reaction results in mineral hydrates that are not very water-soluble. This allows setting in wet conditions or under water and further protects the hardened material from chemical attack. The chemical process for hydraulic cement was found by ancient Romans who used volcanic ash (pozzolana) with added lime (calcium oxide).
Non-hydraulic cement :
(less common) does not set in wet conditions or under water. Rather, it sets as it dries and reacts with carbon dioxide in the air. It is resistant to attack by chemicals after setting.
As per Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), the different types of Portland cement are as follows:
Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) :
When Portland cement clinker is mixed with gypsum, it forms OPC. OPC is further divided into three types, depending on their grade. The grade of cement is its compressive strength.
- OPC 33: OPC with a compressive strength of 33MPa at 28 days is termed as OPC 33. It is suitable for all types of construction, particularly masonry and plastering.
- OPC 43: OPC with a compressive strength of 43MPa at 28 days is termed as OPC 43. This type of cement can be used for high strength concrete work.
- OPC 53: OPC with a compressive strength of 53MPa at 28 days is termed as OPC 53. OPC 53 is mostly used for precast concrete, prestressed concrete, long span structures like bridges, tall buildings, etc.
Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC) :
Fly ash pozzolana or calcined clay pozzolana or a mixture of both is intimately ground with Portland clinker and gypsum (optional) to form PPC. PPC can be used in all types of construction, including marine and hydraulic construction.